Dr. Shirley's Web Courses
Resource Pages
These notes are mainly for the Web-based Courses, but can also be adapted for my Lecture-based Courses.
There are also other Pages which describe the standards I use when
grading Essays and Reading Reports, and a Page to show how I would prepare for the
Essay on the Life of Abraham
1. I would locate and read the passage, make some preliminary notes of the events in sequence, and try to decide the relative importance of the events :
| Text | Main Events | Secondary Events |
|---|---|---|
| II Chron. 34:1 | Josiah, 8 years old when he became king, reigned 31 years in Jerusalem | |
| II Chron. 34:2-7 | Josiah was a righteous king at the age of 16 he began to seek God at the age of 20 he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem of heathen idols and high places religious reforms - breaking down of images and altars of Baal |
destruction of "groves". Josiah burned the bones of ungodly priests on their altars Josiah also led religious reforms in the regions of Manasseh, Ephraim, Simeon and Naptali, then returned to Jerusalem |
| II Chron. 34:8-13 | 18th year of Josiah's reign - he was 26 years old Josiah sent Shaphan, Maaseiah and Joah to repair the Temple They brought money to Hilkiah the High Priest |
The money for the repairs was collected by the Levites from the people who lived in
Manasseh, Ephraim, Judah, Benjamin The money was given to the workmen in charge of repairs stone and timber were needed because previous kings had destroyed some of the buildings the workmen were trustworthy and didn't cheat |
| II Chron. 34:14-28 | Hilkiah found a "Book of the Law of the Lord given by Moses" When Josiah heard what was in the book he rent his clothes and told people to enquire of God about the book, because the previous kings and people had not been doing what the book told them to do Huldah the prophetess sent a message to Josiah that the curses in the book would come to pass, but because Josiah had sought God he would have peace, and the curses would only happen after his death |
Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan to take to Josiah Shaphan reported back to Josiah that the repairs were being made and the workmen were being paid Shaphan read the book to Josiah |
| II Chron. 34:29-33 | Josiah went to the Temple and read the book to all the
elders and people of Judah and Jerusalem Josiah made a covenant with God, to do as the book said |
The inhabitants of Judah and Benjamin stood amd promised to keep the covenant with God there were further religious reforms the Israelites kept the covenant as long as Josiah was king |
| II Chron. 35:1-19 | Josiah kept a Passover in Jerusalem | the Levites were organized for service in the Temple The Levites were to put the Ark into the Temple, and not carry it around any more Josiah and the princes gave thousands of animals so that people could keep the Passover details of the Passover - sacrifices, meals, music - the best Passover since the time of Samuel |
| II Chron. 35:19 | The Passover was held in the 18th year of Josiah's reign, when he was about 26 years old. The next verses lead into his death. 34:1 tells us that he reigned for 31 years, so there is a gap of 13 years | |
| II Chron. 35:20-27 | Pharaoh Necho came through the land to fight against Carchemish Josiah tried to stop Necho and was killed |
Necho sent ambassadors to Josiah to say that he was not attacking Israel Necho said that God had told him to attack Carchemish Josiah went to the valley of Megiddo in disguise, to fight Necho's army Josiah was wounded by Necho's archers, and told his servants to get him home Josiah was buried in the sepulchres of the kings The people mourned for Josiah Jeremiah wrote a lamentation for Josiah |
| II Chron. 36:1-3 | Jehoahaz (son of Josiah) became king at the age of 23, and reigned for 3 months The king of Egypt (Necho) took Jehoahaz as a prisoner to Egypt, and made Jehoahaz' brother Eliakim king of Judah; he made him change his name to Jehoiakim |
The king of Egypt levied a fine of 100 talents of silver and one talent of gold |
| II Chron. 36:4-8 | Jehoiakim was 25 when he became king, and he reigned for 11 years. He was a bad king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon attacked, and took Jehoiakim as a prisoner to Babylon Jehoiachin (son of Jehoiakim) became king |
Nebuchadnezzar also took the vessels from the Temple to Babylon |
| II Chron. 36:9-10 | Jehoiachin was 8 years old when he became king of Judah, and he
reigned for 3 months and 10 days. He was a bad king Nebuchadnezzar brought Jehoiachin to Babylon, and made Jehoiachin's brother Zedekiah king of Judah |
Nebuchadnezzar took more vessels from the Temple |
| II Chron. 36:11-20 | Zedekiah was 21 years old when he became king of Judah, and he reigned 11 years Zedekiah rebelled against Nebuchadnezzar, who came and captured Jerusalem, killed the men, burned the Temple, and took Zedekiah as a prisoner to Babylon |
Nebuchadnezzar had made Zedekiah swear by God that he would not rebel The priests and people were worshipping other gods, and refused to listen to the prophets who told them to return to God Nebuchadnezzar took all the remaining treasures from Jerusalem to Babylon; what he did not take he destroyed. Nebuchadnezzar broke down the walls of Jerusalem |
| II Chron. 36:21 | The land was desolate for 70 years, as the prophet Jeremiah had foretold | |
| II Chron. 36:22-23 | Cyrus became king of Persia (successor to Babylon) In the first year of Cyrus' reign he made a proclamation that called for all Jews who wished, to go to Jerusalem and rebuild the Temple |
the prophecy of Jeremiah was fulfilled |
2. There may be some "grey areas" where one is not sure
just how much importance to give to an event. This is normal. The
main events will be those that represent turning points in the story.
These should be fairly easy to decide, and will form the
skeleton for the essay. The less important events can be mentioned
in passing and will help to fill in the picture.
If the Account is one of the 20 Questions of a Reading Report,
a connected narrative of the main events would be sufficient.
3. For an Essay I would plan the skeleton, in the form of paragraph notes :
| Paragraph | Contents |
|---|---|
| Introduction | Roughly when and where did these events take place (In Judah and Jerusalem, in the closing years of the monarchy) |
| Paragraph 2 | Josiah and his reformation of religion |
| Paragraph 3 | Josiah and the Book of the Law |
| Paragraph 4 | Josiah and the Passover |
| Paragraph 5 | Josiah and Necho |
| Paragraph 6 | Jehoahaz |
| Paragraph 7 | Jehoiakim |
| Paragraph 8 | Jehoiachin |
| Paragraph 9 | Zedekiah |
| Concluding Paragraph | Jeremiah's prophecy, Cyrus, and the return from Exile |
4. Then I would write the account as if I were telling it to someone who had not heard it
before.
I would try to keep to the past tense of verbs rather than the present
(he did, they saw, etc. rather than he does, they see)
Go here to see what I look for when grading Essays.
Go here for a scale of proficiency in writing.
Go here to read about "Edited Standard Written English"
(ESWE)
Copyright © 1999 Shirley J. Rollinson, all Rights Reserved
